Journal: BMC Cancer

Article Title: Intralesional injection of rose bengal augments the efficacy of gemcitabine chemotherapy against pancreatic tumors

doi: 10.1186/s12885-021-08522-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: PV-10 and gemcitabine combination therapy increases the abundance of DAMPs in circulation. ( A ) S100A8, ( B ) S100A9, ( C ) IL-1α, ( D ) HMGB1, and ( E ) Hsp70 were measured in the sera of mice 9 days after the initiation of treatment. ( n = 2–4 mice per group)

Article Snippet: The abundance of HMGB1 was determined by HMGB1 ELISA (IBL International); HSP70 and IL-1α were determined by Human/Mouse/Rat Total HSP70/HSPA1A DuoSet IC ELISA and Mouse IL-1 alpha/IL-1F1 Quantikine ELISA Kit (both from R&D Systems, a Biotechne brand); S100A8 and S100A9 were determined by Mouse Magnetic Luminex Assay (R&D Systems, a Biotechne brand) and analyzed on the Luminex 100 (LuminexCorp).

Techniques:

Journal: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Article Title: Thymoquinone modulates the expression of sepsis-related microRNAs in a CLP model

doi: 10.3892/etm.2022.11322

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) TNF-α, (B) ESM-1, (C) CRP and (D) VEGF plasma levels in response to CLP-induced sepsis measured at different time points following treatment with TQ. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. n=10 rats/group; * P<0.05 vs. Sham; # P<0.05 vs. CLP. CLP, cecal ligation and puncture; CRP, C-reactive protein; ESM-1, endothelial cell-specific molecule-1; TQ, thymoquinone.

Article Snippet: ELISA was used to estimate the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α (cat. no. PRTA00), IL-1α (RRA00), IL-2 (SR2000), IL-6 (SR6000B), and IL-10 (SR1000), according to the manufacturer's protocols (R&D Systems, Inc.).

Techniques: Ligation

Journal: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM

Article Title: 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic Acid Induces Apoptosis in Human Keratinocyte: Potential Application for Psoriasis Treatment

doi: 10.1155/2013/792840

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of DHNA and dithranol on IL-1 α releasefrom NCTC 2544 cells. NCTC 2544 cells were treated with vehicle (0.2% DMSO), medium only or (a) 20 to 100 μ M (4.08 to 20.42 μ g/mL) DHNA or (b) 2 to 8 μ M (0.45 to 1.81 μ g/mL) dithranol for 72 h and then assayed for IL-1 α release by the IL-1 α ELISA Kit. Three independent experiments with duplicates each time were performed with similar results. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM from one representative experiment and significant difference at * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 when versus vehicle control.

Article Snippet: NCTC 2544 cells were seeded and treated with various concentrations of DHNA or dithranol for 72 h. After incubation, the microplate was centrifuged and conditioned medium was collected to determine the extracellular IL-1 α (IL-1 α release) using an IL-1 α ELISA kit (Diaclone Research, France).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control

Journal: Arthritis and rheumatism

Article Title: Amplification of the response to Toll-like receptor ligands by prolonged exposure to interleukin-6 in mice: implication for the pathogenesis of macrophage activation syndrome.

doi: 10.1002/art.33496

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1. Decreased survival rate and increased levels of inflamma- tory cytokines in interleukin-6 (IL-6)–transgenic mice (solid circles) compared to wild-type mice (open circles) after intraperitoneal injec- tion of Toll-like receptor ligand. A and B, Survival rates for wild-type mice and IL-6–transgenic mice injected intraperitoneally with lipo- polysaccharide (LPS; 5 g/gm) (A) or poly(I-C) (30 g/gm) (B). Survival rates were determined every day for 6 days (n 10 mice per group for LPS treatment; n 8 mice per group for poly[I-C] treatment). C–E, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (C), IL-1 (D), and IL-18 (E) production after intraperitoneal injection of LPS (20 g/gm) in wild-type mice and IL-6–transgenic mice. Serum was collected at the indicated time points, and cytokine levels were measured by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay. Values are the mean SEM (n 7 mice per group for TNF and IL-1; n 4 mice per group for IL-18). P 0.05 versus wild-type mice.

Article Snippet: Human TNF , IL-6, IL-1 , and CXCL8 and mouse TNF , IL-6, and IL-1 ELISA kits were from R&D Systems.

Techniques: Transgenic Assay, Injection, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Arthritis and rheumatism

Article Title: Amplification of the response to Toll-like receptor ligands by prolonged exposure to interleukin-6 in mice: implication for the pathogenesis of macrophage activation syndrome.

doi: 10.1002/art.33496

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. Increased Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling in peritoneal macrophages from IL-6–transgenic (IL-6–TG) mice. A, Western blots showing the expression of phospho–STAT-3 (Ser727), phospho–ERK- 1/2, and phospho- (Ser32) in total lysates from murine peritoneal macrophages. Cells were isolated from wild-type (WT) and IL-6– transgenic mice by peritoneal lavage, cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with 5% fetal calf serum, and left untreated (NT) or stimulated with LPS (250 ng/ml) for 30 minutes. Actin was used as a loading control. Results of densitometric analysis are shown above each blot. Data are representative of at least 3 independent experiments. B, Confocal immunofluorescence analysis of p65 NF-B. Cells were isolated and left untreated or stimulated with LPS (250 ng/ml) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA; 250 ng/ml) for 30 minutes. Cells were fixed, permeabilized, and stained with a monoclonal antibody against p65 NF-B. Cell nuclei were stained with Hoechst 33342. Results are representative of at least 3 independent experi- ments. Bar 30. C and D, Production of IL-1 (C) and TNF (D) in peritoneal macrophages isolated from wild-type mice and IL-6– transgenic mice. Peritoneal macrophages were left untreated or stim- ulated with LPS (250 ng/ml), and cytokine levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after 18 hours of stimulation. Bars show the mean SEM (n 4 mice per group). P 0.05 versus IL-6–transgenic mice. See Figure 1 for other definitions. Color figure can be viewed in the online issue, which is available at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1529-0131.

Article Snippet: Human TNF , IL-6, IL-1 , and CXCL8 and mouse TNF , IL-6, and IL-1 ELISA kits were from R&D Systems.

Techniques: Transgenic Assay, Western Blot, Expressing, Isolation, Cell Culture, Modification, Control, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Arthritis and rheumatism

Article Title: Amplification of the response to Toll-like receptor ligands by prolonged exposure to interleukin-6 in mice: implication for the pathogenesis of macrophage activation syndrome.

doi: 10.1002/art.33496

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. Increased ex vivo production of inflammatory cytokines by splenocytes from IL-6–transgenic mice compared to wild-type mice following Toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation. A and B, Murine IL-6 (A) and TNF (B) production in splenocytes from wild-type mice (open circles) and IL-6–transgenic mice (solid circles) stimulated with the indicated doses of LPS. Supernatants were collected after 18 hours of stimulation with LPS. Values are the mean SEM (n 5 mice per group). P 0.05 versus wild-type mice. C and D, Murine IL-6 (C) and TNF (D) production in splenocytes from wild-type mice (open bars) and IL-6–transgenic mice (solid bars) stimulated with the TLR ligands lipoteichoic acid (LTA; 10 g/ml), palmitoyl-3-cysteine-serine- lysine-4 (Pam3CSK4; 5 g/ml), poly(I-C) (20 g/ml), and CpG (5 g/ml). Murine IL-6 and TNF levels in supernatants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after 18 hours of stimulation. Bars show the mean SEM (n 4 mice per group for IL-6; n 6 mice per group for TNF). P 0.05 versus IL-6–transgenic mice. See Figure 1 for other definitions.

Article Snippet: Human TNF , IL-6, IL-1 , and CXCL8 and mouse TNF , IL-6, and IL-1 ELISA kits were from R&D Systems.

Techniques: Ex Vivo, Transgenic Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay